
Families watch the East York Canada Day Parade in Toronto in a file photo. Cole Burston/Getty Images
Commentary
Confederation was largely a defensive act prompted by fear of the United States. The architects recognized that a fragmented British North America risked being overtaken or becoming a battleground. With the end of the American Civil War, diminishing British interest, and tensions heightened by Fenian attacks, Confederation aimed to protect British institutions north of the border.